Chemical Profiling and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Artemisia monosperma

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

2 Researcher in Plant Protection , Research Institute, Mansoura

3 Botany Department - Faculty of Science - Mansoura University

10.21608/mjb.2025.421255.1009

Abstract

This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of the crude methanolic extract from Artemisia monosperma, a desert plant traditionally used in folk medicine. Qualitative screening revealed the presence of diverse secondary metabolites, including abundant flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. Quantitative analysis confirmed high concentrations of total phenolics (142.57 ± 2.52 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (46.33 ± 2.10 mg CE/g), and tannins (27.62 ± 1.52 mg TAE/g). The extract demonstrated significant, dose-dependent antioxidant activity in the DPPH radical scavenging assay, with an IC₅₀ value of 31.57 mg/L, attributable to its rich phenolic content. Furthermore, the extract exhibited potent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. Notably, it was effective against a multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhimurium strain (10.74 mm inhibition zone), against which standard antibiotics like ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin showed no activity. Its performance against other bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (21.91 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.76 mm), was comparable or superior to several conventional antibiotics. The findings underscore that A. monosperma is a rich source of bioactive compounds with strong antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, validating its ethnomedicinal use and highlighting its potential as a natural alternative for pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.

Keywords

Mansoura Journal of Biology
Volume 72, Issue 4
December 2025
Pages 9-16

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